Pengaruh Kompetisi Perbankan terhadap Stabilitas Keuangan: Pengujian Hipotesis Competition-Stability vs. Competition-Fragility

Siswono Ardi Saputro; Sugiharso Safuan

doi:10.52813/jei.v13i1.519

Siswono Ardi Saputro Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia
Sugiharso Safuan Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-4822

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52813/jei.v13i1.519

Keywords: Distance to Default; Z-score; banking fragility; market power; banking competition; financial stability

Abstract

Penelitian ini menguji dua hipotesis dalam persaingan perbankan, yaitu competition stability dan competition-fragility di lima negara Asia Tenggara pada periode Masyarakat Ekonomi Asia dan dampak pandemi COVID-19 pada periode 2011–2022. Industri perbankan di Asia Tenggara telah mengalami pertumbuhan pesat konsolidasi bank, merger, dan akuisisi. Untuk tujuan investigasi ini, penulis menggunakan metode Merton distance to default dan Z-score sebagai pengukuran stabilitas keuangan dan menggunakan kompetisi Lerner index untuk pasar loan bank dan pasar deposit untuk mengevaluasi persaingan di industri perbankan. Penulis menemukan bahwa kedua hipotesis terjadi di industri perbankan Asia Tenggara, market power dapat mendorong stabilitas perbankan sementara tidak stabil dalam volatilitas pendapatan bank dan persaingan perbankan dapat membuat pendapatan dari operasi perbankan stabil untuk pasar loan, tetapi rentan terhadap risiko default.

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