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Abstract
Food is a basic requirement for living things. This study aims to analyze the effects of economic infrastructure, social infrastructure and household characteristics on food security in Indonesia using the Johnsson and Toole (1991) methods. There were 285,908 households studied originating from the 2015 SUSENAS data. The model used in this study was the general ordered logistics model. Based on the results of the study there were 29.51% of food security, 25.12% of vulnerable food, 23.14% of food shortages and 22.33% of households at food insecurity. The results of this study also revealed that ownership of transportation modes, electricity use, fuel use, education of household heads and household health insurance significantly affected food security. The government program in the form of giving poor rice (RASKIN) provides poor results reducing the chance of
food security by 11% and increasing the chances of food insecurity by 6%.
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References
- Badan Pusat Statistik. (2015). Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional Tahun 2015. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
- Clay et al. (1998). Introduction. In Food strategies in Bangladesh: Medium and long term perspectives. University Press Limited, Dhaka.
- Esturk, O., & Oren, M. N. (2014). Impact of household socio-economic factors on food security: case of Adana. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 13(1), 1-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2014.1.6.
- Food and Agriculture Organization. (2000). Food insecurity: when people live with hunger and fear starvation (The state of food insecurity in the world 2000). Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/3/x8200e/x8200e00.pdf.
- Frayne, B. (2004). Migration and urban survival strategies inWindhoek, Namibia. Geoforum, 35(4), 489-505. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2004.01.003.
- Frayne, B., & McCordic, C. (2015). Planning for food secure cities: Measuring the influence of infrastructure and income on household food security in Southern African cities. Geoforum, 65, 1-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.06.025.
- Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2012). Dasar-dasar ekonometrika. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
- Johnson, U., & Toole, D. (1991). Household food security and nutrition: A conceptual analysis [Mimeo]. New York: UNICEF.
- Maxwell, S., & Smith, M. (1992). Household food security: a conceptual review. In S. Maxwell & T. R. Frankenberger, Household food security: Concepts, indicators, measurements, Part 1, (pp. 1-72), UNICEF.
- Obayelu, A. E. (2012). Households’ food security status and its determinants in the North-Central Nigeria. Food Economics, 9(4), 241-256. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/2164828X.2013.845559.
- Sasidharan, L., & Menendez, M. (2014). Partial proportional odds model—An alternate choice for analyzing pedestrian crash injury severities. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 72, 330-340. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.07.025.
- Selepe, M., Sabela, T., & Masuku, M. (2014). The effect of infrastructural challenges on food security in Ntambanana, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 3, 1-12.
- Tacoli, C. (2013). Urban poverty, food security and climate change. IIED Briefing Paper, 17149. International Institute for Environment and Development. https://pubs.iied.org/17149IIED/.
- Williams, R. (2006). Generalized ordered logit/partial proportional odds models for ordinal dependent variables. The Stata Journal, 6(1), 58-82. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1536867X0600600104.
- World Bank. (1994). World Development Report 1994: infrastructure for development - executive summary (English). World Development Report; World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/687361468340136928/World-Development-Report-1994-infrastructure-for-development-executive-summary.
- World Bank. (2005). Feeding Indonesia. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTINDONESIA/Resources/Publication/280016-1106130305439/617331-1110769011447/810296-1110769045002/Feeding.pdf.
- World Bank. (2019). DataBank: World Development Indicators.https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2015). Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional Tahun 2015. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Clay et al. (1998). Introduction. In Food strategies in Bangladesh: Medium and long term perspectives. University Press Limited, Dhaka.
Esturk, O., & Oren, M. N. (2014). Impact of household socio-economic factors on food security: case of Adana. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 13(1), 1-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2014.1.6.
Food and Agriculture Organization. (2000). Food insecurity: when people live with hunger and fear starvation (The state of food insecurity in the world 2000). Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/3/x8200e/x8200e00.pdf.
Frayne, B. (2004). Migration and urban survival strategies inWindhoek, Namibia. Geoforum, 35(4), 489-505. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2004.01.003.
Frayne, B., & McCordic, C. (2015). Planning for food secure cities: Measuring the influence of infrastructure and income on household food security in Southern African cities. Geoforum, 65, 1-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.06.025.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2012). Dasar-dasar ekonometrika. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Johnson, U., & Toole, D. (1991). Household food security and nutrition: A conceptual analysis [Mimeo]. New York: UNICEF.
Maxwell, S., & Smith, M. (1992). Household food security: a conceptual review. In S. Maxwell & T. R. Frankenberger, Household food security: Concepts, indicators, measurements, Part 1, (pp. 1-72), UNICEF.
Obayelu, A. E. (2012). Households’ food security status and its determinants in the North-Central Nigeria. Food Economics, 9(4), 241-256. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/2164828X.2013.845559.
Sasidharan, L., & Menendez, M. (2014). Partial proportional odds model—An alternate choice for analyzing pedestrian crash injury severities. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 72, 330-340. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.07.025.
Selepe, M., Sabela, T., & Masuku, M. (2014). The effect of infrastructural challenges on food security in Ntambanana, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 3, 1-12.
Tacoli, C. (2013). Urban poverty, food security and climate change. IIED Briefing Paper, 17149. International Institute for Environment and Development. https://pubs.iied.org/17149IIED/.
Williams, R. (2006). Generalized ordered logit/partial proportional odds models for ordinal dependent variables. The Stata Journal, 6(1), 58-82. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1536867X0600600104.
World Bank. (1994). World Development Report 1994: infrastructure for development - executive summary (English). World Development Report; World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank Group. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/687361468340136928/World-Development-Report-1994-infrastructure-for-development-executive-summary.
World Bank. (2005). Feeding Indonesia. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTINDONESIA/Resources/Publication/280016-1106130305439/617331-1110769011447/810296-1110769045002/Feeding.pdf.
World Bank. (2019). DataBank: World Development Indicators.https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.