Resiliensi Wilayah terhadap Shock Pandemi COVID-19: Studi Kasus Kabupaten/Kota di Pulau Jawa
Abstract
Pulau Jawa sebagai penyumbang terbesar perekonomian Indonesia seharusnya memiliki resiliensi yang baik dalam menghadapi shock pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh spesialisasi wilayah, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB), kualitas pembangunan manusia (IPM), dan jumlah penduduk terhadap resiliensi wilayah dalam menghadapi shock. Cakupan penelitian sebanyak 119 kabupaten/kota di Pulau Jawa tahun 2020 dan 2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi robust MMestimation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kabupaten/kota yang memiliki resistansi yang baik cenderung memiliki pemulihan yang baik pasca-shock. Spesialisasi wilayah, PDRB, dan kualitas pembangunan manusia memiliki hubungan negatif terhadap resistansi dan pemulihan wilayah pasca-shock COVID-19. Jumlah penduduk memiliki hubungan positif dengan resistansi dan pemulihan wilayah pasca-shock COVID-19.
References
Adwendi, S. J., & Kartiasih, F. (2016). Penggunaan error correction mechanism dalam analisis pengaruh investasi langsung luar negeri terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Statistika: Journal of Theoretical Statistics and Its Applications, 16(1), 17–27. doi: https://doi.org/10.29313/jstat.v16i1.1767.
Annoni, P., de Dominicis, L., & Khabirpour, N. (2019). Location matters: A spatial econometric analysis of regional resilience in the European Union. Growth and Change, 50(3), 824-855. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12311.
Bailey, D., Clark, J., Colombelli, A., Corradini, C., De Propris, L., Derudder, B., ... & Usai, S. (2020). Regions in a time of pandemic. Regional Studies, 54(9), 1163-1174. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2020.1798611.
Bourdin, S., Jeanne, L., Nadou, F., & Noiret, G. (2021). Does lockdown work? A spatial analysis of the spread and concentration of Covid-19 in Italy. Regional Studies, 55(7), 1182-1193. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1887471.
BPS. (2021). Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia triwulan IV-2020. Berita Resmi Statistik, No. 13/02/Th. XXIV. Badan Pusat Statistik. Diakses dari https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2021/02/05/1811/ekonomi-indonesia-2020-turun-sebesar-2-07-persen-c-to-c.html.
BPS. (2022a). Keadaan angkatan kerja di Indonesia Agustus 2022. Badan Pusat Statistik. Diakses 20 Juli 2023 dari https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2022/12/07/a64afccf38fbf6deb81a5dc0/keadaan-angkatan-kerja-di-indonesia-agustus-2022.html.
BPS. (2022b). Laporan perekonomian Indonesia 2022. Badan Pusat Statistik.
BPS. (2022c). Statistik Indonesia 2022. Badan Pusat Statistik. Diakses 20 Juli 2023 dari https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2022/02/25/0a2afea4fab72a5d052cb315/statistik-indonesia-2022.html.
Briguglio, L., Cordina, G., Farrugia, N., & Vella, S. (2009). Economic vulnerability and resilience: Concepts and measurements. Oxford Development Studies, 37(3), 229-247. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810903089893.
Castells-Quintana, D., & Royuela, V. (2017). Tracking positive and negative effects of inequality on long-run growth. Empirical Economics, 53(4), 1349-1378. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-016-1197-y.
Chen, J., Guo, X., Pan, H., & Zhong, S. (2021). What determines city’s resilience against epidemic outbreak: Evidence from China’s COVID-19 experience. Sustainable Cities and Society, 70, 102892. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102892.
Crescenzi, R., Luca, D., & Milio, S. (2016). The geography of the economic crisis in Europe: national macroeconomic conditions, regional structural factors and short-term economic performance. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 9(1), 13-32. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsv031.
Cuadrado-Roura, J. R., & Maroto, A. (2016). Unbalanced regional resilience to the economic crisis in Spain: a tale of specialisation and productivity. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 9(1), 153-178. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsv034.
Davoudi, S., Shaw, K., Haider, L. J., Quinlan, A. E., Peterson, G. D., Wilkinson, C., ... & Davoudi, S. (2012). Resilience: a bridging concept or a dead end? “Reframing” resilience: challenges for planning theory and practice interacting traps: resilience assessment of a pasture management system in Northern Afghanistan urban resilience: what does it mean in planning practice? Resilience as a useful concept for climate change adaptation? The politics of resilience for planning: a cautionary note: edited by Simin Davoudi and Libby Porter. Planning Theory & Practice, 13(2), 299-333. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2012.677124.
Di Caro, P. (2015). Recessions, recoveries and regional resilience: evidence on Italy. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8(2), 273-291. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsu029.
Dong, Y., Mo, X., Hu, Y., Qi, X., Jiang, F., Jiang, Z., & Tong, S. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China. Pediatrics, 145(6). doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0702.
Eraydin, A. (2016). Attributes and characteristics of regional resilience: Defining and measuring the resilience of Turkish regions. Regional Studies, 50(4), 600-614. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1034672.
Geelhoedt, F., Royuela, V., & Castells-Quintana, D. (2021). Inequality and employment resilience: An analysis of Spanish municipalities during the great recession. International Regional Science Review, 44(1), 113-141. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0160017620957056.
Gong, H., Hassink, R., Tan, J., & Huang, D. (2020). Regional resilience in times of a pandemic crisis: The case of COVID-19 in China. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 111(3), 497-512. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12447.
Hawari, R., & Kartiasih, F. (2017). Kajian aktivitas ekonomi luar negeri Indonesia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia periode 1998-2014. Media Statistika, 9(2), 119-132. doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/medstat.9.2.119-132.
Hu, M., Roberts, J. D., Azevedo, G. P., & Milner, D. (2021). The role of built and social environmental factors in Covid-19 transmission: A look at America’s capital city. Sustainable Cities and Society, 65, 102580. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102580.
Kartiasih, F. (2019a). Dampak infrastruktur transportasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia menggunakan regresi data panel. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 16(1), 67-77. doi: https://doi.org/10.31849/jieb.v16i1.2306.
Kartiasih, F. (2019b). Transformasi struktural dan ketimpangan antardaerah di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. INOVASI: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan dan Manajemen, 15(1), 105-113. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30872/jinv.v15i1.5201.
Kartiasih, F., & Setiawan, A. (2020). Aplikasi error correction mechanism dalam analisis dampak pertumbuhan ekonomi, konsumsi energi dan perdagangan internasional terhadap emisi CO2 di Indonesia. Media Statistika, 13(1), 104-115. doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/medstat.13.1.104-115.
Kartiasih, F., Djalal Nachrowi, N., Wisana, I. D. G. K., & Handayani, D. (2023a). Inequalities of Indonesia’s regional digital development and its association with socioeconomic characteristics: a spatial and multivariate analysis. Information Technology for Development, 29(2-3), 299-328. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2022.2110556.
Kartiasih, F., Nachrowi, N. D.,Wisana, I. D. G. K., & Handayani, D. (2023b). Potret ketimpangan digital dan distribusi pendapatan di Indonesia: pendekatan regional digital development index. UI Publishing.
Kartiasih, F., Nachrowi, N. D.,Wisana, I. D. G. K., & Handayani, D. (2023c). Towards the quest to reduce income inequality in Indonesia: Is there a synergy between ICT and the informal sector?. Cogent Economics & Finance, 11(2), 2241771. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2023.2241771.
Kusumasari, A., & Kartiasih, F. (2017). Aglomerasi industri dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Jawa Barat 2010-2014. Jurnal Aplikasi Statistika & Komputasi Statistik, 9(2), 28-41. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34123/jurnalasks.v9i2.143.
Martin, R. (2012). Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks. Journal of Economic Geography, 12(1), 1-32. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbr019.
Martin, R., & Sunley, P. (2015). On the notion of regional economic resilience: conceptualization and explanation. Journal of Economic Geography, 15(1), 1-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbu015.
Martin, R., & Gardiner, B. (2019). The resilience of cities to economic shocks: A tale of four recessions (and the challenge of Brexit). Papers in Regional Science, 98(4), 1801-1832. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12430.
Martin, R., Sunley, P., Gardiner, B., & Tyler, P. (2016). How regions react to recessions: Resilience and the role of economic structure. Regional Studies, 50(4), 561-585. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1136410.
Masten, A. S., & Obradovic, J. (2008). Disaster preparation and recovery: Lessons from research on resilience in human development. Ecology and Society, 13(1), 16 p. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26267914.
Miharja, M., Salim, E., Nachrawi, G., Putranto, R. D., & Hendrawan, A. (2021). Implementation of emergency public activity restrictions (PPKM) in accordance with human rights and Pancasila principles. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 4(3), 6855-6866. doi: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i3.2505.
Ningsih, Y. P., & Kartiasih, F. (2019). Dampak guncangan pertumbuhan ekonomi mitra dagang utama terhadap indikator makroekonomi Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 16(1), 78-92. doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31849/jieb.v16i1.2307.
Olivia, S., Gibson, J., & Nasrudin, R. A. (2020). Indonesia in the time of Covid-19. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 56(2), 143-174. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2020.1798581.
Pratiwi, Y. R. (2022, 24 Februari). Pemulihan perekonomian Indonesia setelah kontraksi akibat pandemi Covid-19. Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Negara Kementerian Keuangan RI. https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/kpknl-banjarmasin/baca-artikel/14769/Pemulihan-Perekonomian-Indonesia-Setelah-Kontraksi-AkibatPandemi-Covid-19.html.
Sensier, M., Bristow, G., & Healy, A. (2016). Measuring regional economic resilience across Europe: Operationalizing a complex concept. Spatial Economic Analysis, 11(2), 128-151. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/17421772.2016.1129435.
Simmie, J., & Martin, R. (2010). The economic resilience of regions: towards an evolutionary approach. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(1), 27-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsp029.
World Bank. (2021). World development indicators 2021. Diakses 23 Juli 2023 dari https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators.
Yamali, F. R., & Putri, R. N. (2020). Dampak covid-19 terhadap ekonomi indonesia. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 4(2), 384-388. doi: https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v4i2.179.
