Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia (JEI) is committed to ensuring transparency, objectivity, and integrity throughout the scholarly publishing process. All authors, reviewers, editors, editorial board members, journal staff, and the publisher are expected to disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that may influence, or appear to influence, their professional judgment. This policy follows COPE Core Practice 4: Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests, which emphasizes clear definitions and procedures for identifying and managing competing interests before or after publication.

A conflict of interest occurs when personal, financial, professional, academic, institutional, or other relationships may compromise, or reasonably appear to compromise, an individual's impartiality in conducting research, reviewing a manuscript, making editorial decisions, or managing the publication process.

Conflicts of interest may include financial relationships, employment, consultancy, research funding, personal relationships, academic competition, collaboration, institutional affiliations, or intellectual commitments. In accordance with COPE's guidance on conflicts of interest and competing interests, JEI requires clear disclosure and appropriate management of interests that could affect the integrity of scholarly publishing.

All authors must disclose any financial or non-financial interests that could influence the research, its interpretation, or the presentation of its findings. Disclosures should include relevant funding sources, employment, consultancies, honoraria, financial interests, personal relationships, institutional affiliations, and other competing interests related to the submitted manuscript.

Authors must also disclose the role of any funding organization in the study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results, manuscript preparation, and decision to submit the manuscript for publication, where applicable. This requirement reflects COPE's recommendation that journals establish clear disclosure requirements for research funding and the funder's role.

If no competing interests exist, authors should include a statement such as: "The authors declare that they have no competing interests." If competing interests exist, authors must describe them clearly in the manuscript or in the journal's designated disclosure form.

Reviewers must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest when invited to review a manuscript. If a conflict may prevent them from providing an objective assessment, they should inform the editor promptly and decline the invitation when appropriate.

Reviewers should not accept a review assignment if they have a close personal or professional relationship with an author, are involved in competing research, have a financial interest in the outcome, or have another relationship that may compromise impartiality. These expectations are consistent with the COPE Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers, which advise reviewers to disclose competing interests and seek editorial guidance when uncertain.

Reviewers must not use unpublished information obtained during peer review for personal advantage or allow competing interests to influence their recommendations. They must respect manuscript confidentiality and notify the editor if a conflict arises or becomes apparent during the review process.

Editors and editorial board members must disclose any conflicts of interest that could affect their assessment of a manuscript or their participation in editorial decisions. When a conflict exists, the editor concerned must recuse themselves from handling the manuscript, selecting reviewers, evaluating reports, and making or influencing the final decision.

A manuscript submitted by an editor, an editorial board member, or a close colleague must be handled by an independent editor who has no relevant conflict of interest. The submitting editor or board member must not access confidential reviewer information or influence the editorial process for their own manuscript.

These measures follow COPE's guidance on establishing clear processes for conflicts of interest involving authors, reviewers, editors, staff, publishers, and journal owners.

JEI and its publisher are responsible for maintaining transparent procedures for identifying, disclosing, and managing conflicts of interest. Relevant policies must be publicly accessible, consistently applied, and reviewed when necessary to support editorial independence and trust in the publication process.

Financial or commercial relationships must not improperly influence editorial decisions. Manuscripts must be evaluated according to their scholarly merit, relevance, originality, and compliance with the journal's requirements, independently of commercial or personal considerations.

If JEI becomes aware of a potentially undisclosed conflict of interest, the editor will assess the available information and may contact the relevant author, reviewer, or editor to request clarification. The individual concerned will be given an appropriate opportunity to explain the circumstances and provide any necessary disclosure.

Where an undisclosed conflict is confirmed, JEI may require a correction to the competing-interest statement, replace a reviewer or handling editor, reassess the editorial process, suspend consideration of a manuscript, or take other appropriate action based on the seriousness of the case.

For suspected undisclosed conflicts of interest in submitted manuscripts, JEI may follow the procedures outlined in the COPE Flowchart: Undisclosed Conflict of Interest in a Submitted Manuscript, which includes requesting clarification and correcting disclosure statements where necessary.

If an undisclosed conflict is identified after publication, JEI will assess whether a correction, editorial notice, or other action is required to maintain transparency and protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

JEI requires authors to provide a conflict-of-interest statement as part of the manuscript submission process. Relevant disclosures may be published alongside the article to ensure that readers can evaluate the research in light of the information provided.

The absence of a declared conflict does not automatically establish that no conflict exists. JEI may request further information whenever necessary to clarify potential competing interests and ensure that the editorial process remains fair and transparent.

JEI recognizes that disclosure alone may not eliminate a conflict of interest. Appropriate measures, including recusal, independent review, reassignment of editorial responsibility, or correction of published disclosures, may be necessary to protect the impartiality of the publication process.

This policy is informed by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and its resources on competing interests, editorial responsibilities, and peer review. All parties involved in the publication process are expected to cooperate with reasonable requests for disclosure and to uphold the principles of transparency, fairness, and research integrity.